Respiratory & Allergy
Respiratory & Allergy: how we evaluate, when we prescribe, and safety checks. Start a confidential online consultation.
Overview
Respiratory medications are used to manage diseases of the airways and lungs that interfere with oxygen exchange. These drugs reduce inflammation, open bronchial passages, thin mucus, and ease breathing. Respiratory therapy plays a crucial role in treating both chronic and acute conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, bronchitis, and allergic rhinitis.
Uses
Common drug categories include:- Bronchodilators such as albuterol and salmeterol for quick airway relief.
- Corticosteroids like fluticasone and budesonide to reduce inflammation.
- Antihistamines and leukotriene inhibitors for allergic triggers.
- Antibiotics or antivirals in infectious exacerbations.
- Mucolytics to thin respiratory secretions.
Mechanism / Approach
Respiratory drugs act through several pathways: relaxing airway smooth muscle (β2-agonists), suppressing inflammatory mediators (steroids), or blocking histamine receptors to prevent allergic bronchospasm. Combination inhalers integrate both bronchodilators and steroids for maintenance control.Safety & Patient Considerations
Overuse of rescue inhalers can signal poor disease control. Inhaled steroids may cause throat irritation or oral thrush; rinsing the mouth helps prevent this. Smoking cessation and vaccination (influenza, pneumococcal) are essential preventive measures.FAQ
Can I use my inhaler every day?
Yes, if prescribed for maintenance; rescue inhalers are for acute relief only.
Do inhalers cause dependence?
No, but uncontrolled symptoms may need regimen adjustment.
Can respiratory medicines cure asthma?
They manage inflammation and prevent attacks; asthma is chronic but controllable.