Antivirals
Antivirals: how we evaluate, when we prescribe, and safety checks. Start a confidential online consultation.
Overview
Antiviral drugs inhibit the replication of viruses that invade human cells. Unlike bacteria, viruses rely entirely on host cellular machinery, so antiviral therapy targets specific steps in the viral life cycle without destroying host tissue.
Uses
Antivirals are used to manage infections such as influenza (oseltamivir), herpes simplex (acyclovir), HIV/AIDS (antiretroviral therapy), hepatitis B and C, and COVID-19 (nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, remdesivir).Mechanism / Approach
These agents block viral entry, interfere with genetic replication, or prevent assembly of new virus particles. Combination therapy is common for chronic infections like HIV to prevent resistance.Safety & Patient Considerations
Antivirals must be started early in acute infections for best results. Long-term therapy requires liver and kidney monitoring. Common side effects include fatigue, headache, nausea, and mild liver enzyme elevation.FAQ
Can antivirals cure infections permanently?
Some, like hepatitis C treatments, can; others, like HIV, suppress but do not eradicate.
Are antivirals preventive?
Yes, prophylactic use exists for influenza, herpes, and HIV exposure.
Do antivirals replace vaccines?
No — vaccines prevent infection; antivirals treat active disease.