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On this page: Overview FAQ Gov/NIH

Overview

Ampicillin is a broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotic within the aminopenicillin class. It inhibits bacterial cell-wall synthesis, leading to cell lysis. Introduced in 1961, it remains a benchmark antibiotic for many infections.

Uses

Treats respiratory, urinary, gastrointestinal, meningitis, and enterococcal infections. Often combined with sulbactam (Unasyn) to overcome β-lactamase resistance.

Dosage & Administration

Adults: 250–500 mg every 6 hours orally or by injection. Take 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals on an empty stomach. Complete therapy as prescribed.

Side Effects & Warnings

Possible effects: diarrhea, rash, nausea. Serious: hypersensitivity reactions, pseudomembranous colitis, and superinfection. Contraindicated in penicillin allergy.

Patient Considerations

Report rash or breathing difficulty immediately. Use backup contraception during therapy.

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FAQ

Can Ampicillin treat colds?

No, it is ineffective against viruses.

What foods should I avoid?

Take on an empty stomach for best absorption.

Can pregnant women use Ampicillin?

Yes, it is generally considered safe.

Government / NIH sources

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